Reviewing Articles under the Issue of Making Sense of Discourse and Developing Discourse Competence Topic Title : The Use of Discourse Markers among Mandarin Chinese Teachers, and Chinese as a Second Language and Chinese as a Foreign Language Learners Researchers : Pei-Shu Tsai and Wo-Hsin Chu Source : Applied Linguistics 2015: 1–29 Oxford University Press 2015 doi:10.1093/applin/amv057 http://applij.oxfordjournals.org/ Objectives : Elaborating on the insights gained from past studies. The present study further analyzed the frequency and function of these markers produced by Chinese teachers, as well as CSL (Chinese as a second language) and CFL (Chinese as a foreign language) learners during online Chinese language courses. Problem :1. What is the relationship between the use of DMs and language learning? 2. Does the frequency of DMs reflect a Chinese learner’s verbal ability? 3. ...